1.) The diagram is a model of one type of membrane protein function.

What is this type of membrane protein function?
A. Enzymatic activity
B. Active/Passive transport
C. Cell-to-cell recognition
D. Anchorage/Attachment

Solution: B
Explanation: Membrane proteins can serve a variety of key functions. The function outlined in the diagram is transport. Transport is responsible for facilitated diffusion and active transport.

2.) There are four main types of stem cells present at various stages of human development, which type describes multipotent cells?

A. Multipotent cells form any cell type, as well as extra-embryonic (placental) tissue (e.g. zygote)
B. Multipotent cells form any cell type (e.g. embryonic stem cells)
C. Multipotent cells can differentiate into a number of closely related cell types (e.g. haematopoietic adult stem cells)
D. Multipotent cells can not differentiate but are capable of self-renewal (e.g. progenitor cells, muscle stem cells)

Solution: C
Explanation: Multipotent cells can differentiate into a number of closely related cell types (e.g. haematopoietic adult stem cells)

3.) What effect on enzymatic activity is shown on the x-axis of this image?

A. The Effect of Temperature on Enzyme Activity
B. The Effect of pH on Enzyme Activity
C. The Effect of Substrate Concentration on Enzyme Activity
D. The Effect of Salinity on Enzyme Activity

Solution: A
Explanation: Low temperatures result in insufficient thermal energy for the activation of an enzyme-catalysed reaction to proceed. Increasing the temperature will increase the speed and motion of both enzyme and substrate, resulting in higher enzyme activity. High temperatures cause denaturation.

4.) In decreasing order, which greenhouse gases have the largest warming effect within the atmosphere?

A. Water vapour, carbon dioxide, methane, nitrogen oxides
B. Carbon dioxide, methane, nitrogen oxides, water vapour
C. Methane, carbon dioxide, water vapour, nitrogen oxides
D. Nitrogen oxides, methane, carbon dioxide, water vapour

Solution: A
Explanation: The greenhouse gases which have the largest warming effect within the atmosphere are water vapour (clouds) and carbon dioxide.

5.) Which animal phyla is matched to the correct description?

Solution: C. Cnidaria